PoL is a cluster of excellence of the TU Dresden. The central vision is to understand the physical principles and laws that underlie the dynamic organization of living matter across scales, from molecules to organs. This constitutes a formidable learning and inference task from very large data (petabytes at several GB/s). Therefore, an entire Research Avenue (RA5) of PoL is dedicated to AI and ML research for the biomedical sciences, including the development of self-learning autonomous microscopes, data-driven model inference, inference of mathematical equations and physical laws from biomedical image data, and ML-based computer vision for the life sciences, as well as immersive analytics of dynamic multidimensional datasets.